Armies too large for their transport networks

If an army is too large for its transport network, what happens?

It has to disperse (or divide), creating discontinuous fronts.

Units may be out of supporting distance of one another.

Communication is slower, less certain.

The broken-up army experiences multiple, discontinuous states of supply and readiness in each separated segment.

Dispositions are less tactical, more logistical.

The command is in a reactive state.

Initiative has passed to the enemy.

The command must reassemble to act as an army.

The reassembly can be interfered with or fail of its own accord.

"Friction" increases.

The "fog of war" increases.

Were Civil War armies too large for their networks?